What this record rests on

Catalogues raisonnés

The catalogues that number this print, and that disagree with one another about how many states it has.

• Erik Hinterding, Jaco Rutgers The New Hollstein Dutch & Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, 1450-1700: Rembrandt. In The New Hollstein Dutch & Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, 1450-1700. UNVERIFIED. Rotterdam (per the NGA citation): Sound & Vision Interactive (per the NGA citation); the completed Rembrandt volumes are associated with Sound & Vision Publishers, 2013.

  AUTHORS CONFIRMED as Erik Hinterding and Jaco Rutgers by the NGA bibliography entry, which reads: 'The New Hollstein Dutch & Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, 1450-1700. (Rembrandt, Erik Hinterding and Jaco Rutgers, authors). Rotterdam: Sound & Vision Interactive, 1996-, no. 170, state ii/iii.' The 2013 date for the completed Rembrandt catalogue is CONFIRMED by the CODART WIRE feature ('subsequently incorporated into the New Hollstein Rembrandt catalogue (2013)'). NUMBER OF VOLUMES, EDITOR (as distinct from authors) AND ISBN ARE UNVERIFIED. Note the NGA citation's open-ended '1996-' reflects the serial nature of the New Hollstein, not the Rembrandt volumes' date.

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• Adam von Bartsch Catalogue raisonne de toutes les estampes qui forment l'oeuvre de Rembrandt. UNVERIFIED. UNVERIFIED (believed Vienna): UNVERIFIED.

  NOT VERIFIED during compilation. The existence of Bartsch's Rembrandt catalogue and the currency of its numbering (B.20) are confirmed indirectly by every institutional record consulted, all of which cite 'Bartsch 20'. But the publication year, place, publisher, volume count and the exact French title as printed were NOT confirmed against a library catalogue. Commonly cited as Vienna, 1797, but THAT DATE IS NOT VERIFIED HERE and must be checked before use.

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• Christopher White, Karel G. Boon Rembrandt's Etchings: An Illustrated Critical Catalogue. In Hollstein's Dutch and Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, vols XVIII-XIX. 2. Amsterdam: Van Gendt & Co., 1969.

  CONFIRMED from two tier-1 records. The NGA bibliography gives: 'White, Christopher and Karel G. Boon. Rembrandt's Etchings. 2 vols. Amsterdam: Van Gendt & Co., 1969.' The British Museum bibliographic reference gives the fuller title: 'White & Boon 1969 / Rembrandt's Etchings: An Illustrated Critical Catalogue'. The association with Hollstein vols XVIII-XIX is the standard understanding but was NOT explicitly confirmed by either record.

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• Arthur M. Hind A Catalogue of Rembrandt's Etchings, Chronologically Arranged and Completely Illustrated. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1923.

  CONFIRMED. NGA bibliography: 'Hind, Arthur M. A Catalogue of Rembrandt's Etchings. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1923.' The fuller subtitle ('chronologically arranged and completely illustrated') comes from the British Museum's bibliographic reference field. B.20 = Hind 156.

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• G. W. Nowell-Usticke Rembrandt's Etchings: States and Values. UNVERIFIED: UNVERIFIED.

  NOT VERIFIED. The catalogue is referred to in the trade (a Douwes Fine Art entry cites 'Nowell-Usticke C1' for this print), which establishes that dealers use the system, but the book's exact title, publisher, place and year were NOT confirmed against any catalogue during compilation.

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• Ludwig Munz UNVERIFIED. UNVERIFIED.

  NOT VERIFIED in any respect. No institutional record retrieved for B.20 cites a Munz number, and the book's details were not confirmed. Included only to record that this line of enquiry was attempted and produced nothing citable.

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• G. Biorklund, O. H. Barnard Rembrandt's Etchings True and False. UNVERIFIED: UNVERIFIED.

  NOT VERIFIED. Title as given in the research brief could not be confirmed against a library catalogue, nor could publisher, place, year or edition history.

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Books

• Erik Hinterding Rembrandt as an Etcher: The Practice of Production and Distribution. 3. UNVERIFIED: UNVERIFIED, 2006.

  Title, subtitle, year (2006) and volume count (3 vols.) are CONFIRMED by two independent sources: the CODART WIRE feature and JHNA 12:2 (2020), which gives 'Rembrandt as an Etcher: The Practice of Production and Distribution (3 vols., 2006)'. PUBLISHER AND PLACE ARE NOT VERIFIED and must not be supplied from memory. This work is commonly associated with the Sound & Vision / Studies in Prints and Printmaking series, but that association was NOT confirmed here.

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• Nancy Ash, Shelley Fletcher Watermarks in Rembrandt's Prints. UNVERIFIED (believed Washington, D.C.): UNVERIFIED (believed National Gallery of Art, Washington), 1998.

  The YEAR 1998 and the scope (a study of 2,765 impressions) are CONFIRMED by JHNA 12:2 (2020), which refers to 'Ash and Fletcher's earlier 1998 study of 2,765 impressions'. The exact title wording, publisher and place were NOT independently confirmed in a library catalogue during compilation. The National Gallery of Art attribution is the widely held understanding but is recorded here as unverified.

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• Frits Lugt Les Marques de Collections de Dessins & d'Estampes. UNVERIFIED (believed Amsterdam): UNVERIFIED, 1921.

  The 1921 date is supported by a search-result summary stating that in 1921 Lugt 'completed Les marques de collections de dessins et d'estampes'. PUBLISHER, PLACE, and the details of the Supplement (published later) are UNVERIFIED. The online home URL was not confirmed by direct retrieval during compilation and should be checked.

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Articles

• C. Richard Johnson Jr. Decision Trees for Watermark Identification in Rembrandt's Etchings. In Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art. vol. 12, no. 2. Historians of Netherlandish Art, 2020.

  CONFIRMED, including DOI 10.5092/jhna.2020.12.2.5. This is the strongest fully-verified methodological citation in this file and the safest single source to cite for watermark method.

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• Chain Line Pattern Matching and Rembrandt's Prints. In Rembrandt and his Circle (chapter 17). Cambridge University Press.

  Chapter title, chapter number, volume title and publisher CONFIRMED from the Cambridge Core listing. AUTHORS, EDITORS, YEAR AND PAGE RANGE ARE UNVERIFIED.

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Exhibition catalogues

• Rembrandt by Himself (exhibition); cited by the British Museum as 'London-The Hague, Rembrandt's Self-Portraits, 1999-2000'. London (National Gallery) and The Hague (Mauritshuis): UNVERIFIED, 1999.

  The EXHIBITION is confirmed by the British Museum record (exhibited 'Jun-Sep 1999, London, National Gallery, Rembrandt by Himself') and the BM cites the catalogue as 'London-The Hague, Rembrandt's Self-Portraits, 1999-2000, cat.no.49'. The catalogue's authors, editors, publisher and ISBN are UNVERIFIED. B.20 IS cat. no. 49 in that catalogue - the most specific published scholarly reference to this print located during compilation.

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